By Dr. Maria Gnarra Buethe
Contributing Columnist
Here in sunny Southern California, children spend a lot of time outdoors — whether it’s at the park, pool or beach. But while we’re quick to provide them with swim goggles and life jackets, there’s one safety habit that too often gets overlooked: sun protection.
Skin cancer is the most common cancer in the United States, and childhood sunburns can cause serious problems. Just one blistering sunburn in childhood can nearly double a person’s lifetime risk of developing melanoma, according to the American Academy of Dermatology.
Fortunately, sunburn is highly preventable with the right habits and planning. As a pediatric dermatologist, I work with families every day to create sun-safe routines that are both effective and child friendly.
Sunscreen is safe and effective
One of the most frequent questions I get is: Is sunscreen safe for kids? The answer is yes — when used as directed, sunscreens are both safe and effective. For infants under 6 months, the best protection is shade and clothing. For older babies, toddlers, and children, choose a broad-spectrum, water-resistant sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher.
I typically recommend mineral sunscreens (containing zinc oxide or titanium dioxide) for young children and those with sensitive skin. These create a physical barrier on the skin and are less likely to cause irritation.
Apply and reapply
Sunscreen works best when used correctly. Apply a generous layer 15 to 30 minutes before sun exposure, and don’t forget often-missed spots like the ears, scalp, back of the neck, and tops of the feet. Reapply every two hours or more often if your child is swimming or sweating.
Clothing is your first line of defense
While sunscreen is important, sun-protective clothing provides even better protection. Look for swim shirts (rash guards) labeled with UPF 50+ and always pair them with a wide-brimmed hat and sunglasses that offer 100% UV protection.
Remember: If you can see light through the fabric, UV rays can get through, too.
Avoid peak UV hours
Plan outdoor activities around peak sun intensity, which is usually between 10 a.m. and 4 p.m. If you’re out during those hours, seek shade — whether it’s under an umbrella, tree, or stroller canopy.
Make sun safety a family habit
Children are more likely to follow sun-safe behaviors when they see their parents doing the same. Make it a habit to apply sunscreen together, wear hats as a family, and talk about why protecting your skin is important.
Sun damage is cumulative, and the habits we teach children now can protect them for a lifetime.
As a pediatric dermatologist and mother of three, I understand the challenge of keeping kids sun safe — but I also know how powerful these small actions can be. Every hat, every shirt, every ounce of sunscreen is an investment in their long-term health.
Dr. Maria Gnarra Buethe is a double-board-certified dermatologist and pediatric dermatologist. She is division chief of the new dermatology division at Children’s Hospital of Orange County and director of pediatric dermatology at UC Irvine. For more information about CHOC dermatology, including a list of locations, visit choc.org/dermatology